# Release 26.05 ("Yarara", 2026.05/30) {#sec-release-26.05}

## Highlights {#sec-release-26.05-highlights}

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- Stage 1 (a.k.a. initrd) is now based on systemd by default, and the old scripted implementation is deprecated and scheduled for removal in 26.11. If you run into issues migrating, you can [get help from the community](https://nixos.org/community/) or report an issue on GitHub.

  You can temporarily revert to the scripted stage 1 implementation by disabling [](#opt-boot.initrd.systemd.enable), but this is discouraged.

  Most incompatibilities will be explained with assertions during configuration evaluation, but be aware of the following that can't be automatically detected:

  - If you use LUKS disk encryption, ensure that `fileSystems."/".device` is set to `"/dev/mapper/<name>"`, where `<name>` matches the name in your `boot.initrd.luks.devices.<name>` definition, to avoid systemd timing out while prompting for a passphrase. If you have a more complex setup, e.g. with LVM on top of LUKS, you may need to add `"x-systemd.device-timeout=infinity"` to `fileSystems."/".options` instead. If you need to disable the timeout before you can boot into the system, pass `systemd.default_device_timeout_sec=infinity` on the kernel command line.
  - The `cryptsetup-askpass` program is not available; use `systemctl default` instead, which will prompt for passphrases as necessary. If you pipe password responses into SSH over stdin, use `ssh -o RequestTTY=force` to ensure `systemctl default` gets a TTY to prompt on.
  - Many kernel parameters have been replaced with native systemd versions; see [](#sec-boot-problems).
  - `/dev/root` is not available with the systemd stage 1. In the old scripted stage 1, `/dev/root` was a symlink created by the init script from the `root=` kernel command line. With systemd stage 1, this symlink is not provided. If your configuration uses `/dev/root` in `fileSystems`, replace it with a stable device path such as `/dev/disk/by-label/...`, `/dev/disk/by-uuid/...`, or the appropriate `/dev/mapper/...` path.

- The system.nix file has been added as an alternative entry point to configuration.nix (and flake.nix) that allows configuring NixOS without using `nix-channel`.
  This file must evaluate to a NixOS system derivation or an attribute set of such derivations, in which case the attribute to build has to be selected with the `--attr` option of `nixos-rebuild` or `nixos-install`.
  For example,
  ```nix
  # system.nix
  let
    # Pinned Nixpkgs archive
    #
    # Use `curl -I https://channels.nixos.org/nixos-26.05` to get the
    # latest commit of the stable channel and `nix --extra-experimental-features nix-command store prefetch-file --unpack`
    # to compute its hash.
    nixpkgs = builtins.fetchTarball {
      url = "https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/archive/c217913993d6.tar.gz";
      hash = "sha256-D1PA3xQv/s4W3lnR9yJFSld8UOLr0a/cBWMQMXS+1Qg=";
    };
  in
  import "${nixpkgs}/nixos" {
    # Build NixOS using an external configuration.nix file,
    # or directly set your options here
    configuration = ./configuration.nix;
  }
  ```

  The default location of system.nix is `/etc/nixos/system.nix` and can be changed by setting the `<nixos-system>` search path.
  `nixos-rebuild` and `nixos-install` can now also load a system.nix file in the current directory (only if `--attr` is used) or from a directory specified with `--file`.

- The default kernel package has been updated from 6.12 to 6.18. All supported kernels remain available.

- The default D-Bus implementation has been switched from `dbus` to `dbus-broker`. dbus-broker provides
  higher performance and reliability while maintaining compatibility with the D-Bus reference implementation.

  Note that changing `services.dbus.implementation` is a **switch inhibitor**: switching between
  implementations requires a reboot rather than just `nixos-rebuild switch`, because restarting D-Bus
  mid-session is unsafe.

  Users who wish to keep the classic daemon can set: `services.dbus.implementation = "dbus";`

- The NixOS integration test driver now supports `systemd-nspawn` containers as an alternative backend to QEMU virtual machines ([#470248](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/470248), [#478109](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/478109), [#479968](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/479968)).
  Most NixOS integration tests do not require a full VM, and switching them to containers can considerably reduce test time and resource usage.
  Container-based tests also run fine on Nix builders that are themselves VMs without KVM, and because containers can bind-mount host device nodes, they make it possible to exercise GPU/CUDA workloads from within NixOS integration tests.
  See [the NixOS manual section on writing tests](https://nixos.org/manual/nixos/stable/#sec-writing-nixos-tests) for details on how to opt in and on the limitations of the container backend.

## New Modules {#sec-release-26.05-new-modules}

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- [](#opt-services.autossh-ng.sessions) NixOS module was introduced as a simpler alternative to the existing [](#opt-services.autossh.sessions) module.

- [services.nextcloud-spreed-signaling](#opt-services.nextcloud-spreed-signaling.enable) NixOS module has been added to facilitate declarative management of a standalone Spreed signaling server ("High Performance Backend" for Nextcloud Talk).

- [OpenThread Border Router](https://openthread.io/), a Thread border router for POSIX-based platforms that bridges Thread mesh networks to IP networks. Available as [services.openthread-border-router](#opt-services.openthread-border-router.enable).

- [Atuin](https://atuin.sh), magical shell history — sync, search and backup your terminal history. Available as [programs.atuin](#opt-programs.atuin.enable).

- [Meshtastic](https://meshtastic.org), an open-source, off-grid, decentralised mesh network
  designed to run on affordable, low-power devices. Available as [services.meshtasticd](#opt-services.meshtasticd.enable).

- [Goupile](https://goupile.org/en), an open-source design tool for secure forms including Clinical Report Forms (eCRF). Available as [services.goupile](#opt-services.goupile.enable).

- [knot-resolver](https://www.knot-resolver.cz/), in version 6. Available as [services.knot-resolver](#opt-services.knot-resolver.enable). A module for knot-resolver 5 was already available as [services.kresd](#opt-services.kresd.enable).

- [ImmichFrame](https://immichframe.dev/), display your photos from Immich as a digital photo frame. Available as [services.immichframe](#opt-services.immichframe.enable).

- [PdfDing](https://www.pdfding.com/), manage, view and edit your PDFs seamlessly on all your devices wherever you are. Available as [services.pdfding](#opt-services.pdfding.enable).

- [mangowc](https://github.com/DreamMaoMao/mangowc), a lightweight and feature-rich Wayland compositor based on dwl. Available as [programs.mangowc](#opt-programs.mangowc.enable).

- [reaction](https://reaction.ppom.me/), a daemon that scans program outputs for repeated patterns, and takes action. A common usage is to scan ssh and webserver logs, and to ban hosts that cause multiple authentication errors. A modern alternative to fail2ban. Available as [services.reaction](#opt-services.reaction.enable).

- [vinyl-cache](https://vinyl-cache.org) as the Varnish Cache project renamed itself. Available as [services.vinyl-cache](#opt-services.vinyl-cache.enable). To aid the migration, the old [services.varnish](#opt-services.varnish.enable) module is still available.

- [papra](https://papra.app/), an open-source document management platform designed to help you organize, secure, and archive your files effortlessly. Available as [services.papra](#opt-services.papra.enable).

- [rqbit](https://github.com/ikatson/rqbit), a bittorrent client written in Rust. It has HTTP API and Web UI, and can be used as a library. Available as [services.rqbit](#opt-services.rqbit.enable).

- [Tailscale Serve](https://tailscale.com/kb/1552/tailscale-services), configure Tailscale Serve for exposing local services to your tailnet. Available as [services.tailscale.serve](#opt-services.tailscale.serve.enable).

- [qui](https://github.com/autobrr/qui), a modern alternative webUI for qBittorrent, with multi-instance support. Written in Go/React. Available as [services.qui](#opt-services.qui.enable).

- [kiwix-serve](https://wiki.kiwix.org/wiki/Kiwix-serve), a service that serves ZIM files (such as Wikipedia archives) over HTTP. Available as [services.kiwix-serve](#opt-services.kiwix-serve.enable).

- [matterjs-server](https://github.com/matter-js/matterjs-server), a Matter controller with a Home Assistant compatible WebSocket API. Available as [services.matterjs-server](#opt-services.matterjs-server.enable).

- [Remark42](https://remark42.com/), a self-hosted comment engine. Available as [services.remark42](#opt-services.remark42.enable).

- [LibreChat](https://www.librechat.ai/), open-source self-hostable ChatGPT clone with Agents and RAG APIs. Available as [services.librechat](#opt-services.librechat.enable).

- [nohang](https://github.com/hakavlad/nohang), a daemon for Linux that prevents out of memory (OOM) situations from affecting system responsiveness. Available as [services.nohang](#opt-services.nohang.enable).

- [clevis-luks-askpass](https://github.com/latchset/clevis), automatic LUKS unlocking in initrd using clevis token bindings stored in LUKS headers. Available as [boot.initrd.clevisLuksAskpass](#opt-boot.initrd.clevisLuksAskpass.enable).

- [bentopdf](https://github.com/alam00000/bentopdf), a privacy-first PDF toolkit running completely in-browser. Available as [services.bentopdf](#opt-services.bentopdf.enable).

- [hyprwhspr-rs](https://github.com/better-slop/hyprwhspr-rs), a keybind activated speech-to-text voice dictation utility built for use with Hyprland. Available as [services.hyprwhspr-rs](#opt-services.hyprwhspr-rs.enable).

- [DankMaterialShell](https://danklinux.com), a complete desktop shell for Wayland compositors built with Quickshell. Available as [programs.dms-shell](#opt-programs.dms-shell.enable).

- [pyroscope](https://github.com/grafana/pyroscope), a continuous profiling platform that allows for performance debugging. Available as [services.pyroscope](#opt-services.pyroscope.enable).

- [dms-greeter](https://danklinux.com), a modern display manager greeter for DankMaterialShell that works with greetd and supports multiple Wayland compositors. Available as [services.displayManager.dms-greeter](#opt-services.displayManager.dms-greeter.enable).

- [dsearch](https://github.com/AvengeMedia/danksearch), a fast filesystem search service with fuzzy matching. Available as [programs.dsearch](#opt-programs.dsearch.enable).

- [Rustical](https://github.com/lennart-k/rustical), a CalDav/CardDav server aiming to be simple, fast and passwordless. Available as [services.rustical](#opt-services.rustical.enable).

- [Elephant](https://github.com/abenz1267/elephant), a data provider service and backend for building custom application launchers. Available as [services.elephant](#opt-services.elephant.enable).

- [Dunst](https://github.com/dunst-project/dunst), a lightweight and customizable notification daemon. Available as [services.dunst](#opt-services.dunst.enable).

- [cocoon](https://github.com/haileyok/cocoon), a PDS (personal data server) that is an alternative to the Bluesky PDS. Available as [services.cocoon](#opt-services.cocoon.enable).

- [Ente Auth](https://ente.io/auth/), an open source 2FA authenticator, with end-to-end encrypted backups. Available as [programs.ente-auth](#opt-programs.ente-auth.enable).

- [linkding](https://linkding.link/), a self-hosted bookmark manager designed to be minimal, fast, and easy to set up. Available as [services.linkding](#opt-services.linkding.enable).

- [Tinyauth](https://tinyauth.app/), a simple authentication middleware for web apps, with OAuth and LDAP support. Available as [services.tinyauth](#opt-services.tinyauth.enable).

- [Strichliste](https://www.strichliste.org), a digital self-service tallysheet used in hackerspaces, clubs and offices. Available as [services.strichliste](#opt-services.strichliste.enable).

- [Dawarich](https://dawarich.app/), a self-hostable location history tracker. Available as [services.dawarich](#opt-services.dawarich.enable).

- [Howdy](https://github.com/boltgolt/howdy), a Windows Hello™ style facial authentication program for Linux. Available as [services.howdy](#opt-services.howdy.enable)

- [SuiteNumérique Drive](https://github.com/suitenumerique/drive), a collaborative file sharing and document management platform that scales. Built with Django and React. Open source alternative to Sharepoint or Google Drive. Available as [services.lasuite-drive](#opt-services.lasuite-drive.enable).

- [linux-enable-ir-emitter](https://github.com/EmixamPP/linux-enable-ir-emitter), a tool used to set up IR cameras, used with Howdy. Available as [services.linux-enable-ir-emitter](#opt-services.linux-enable-ir-emitter.enable).

- [udp-over-tcp](https://github.com/mullvad/udp-over-tcp), a tunnel for proxying UDP traffic over a TCP stream. Available as [](#opt-services.udp-over-tcp.udp2tcp) and [](#opt-services.udp-over-tcp.tcp2udp).

- [turborepo-remote-cache](https://ducktors.github.io/turborepo-remote-cache/), an open-source implementation of the [Turborepo custom remote cache server](https://turbo.build/repo/docs/core-concepts/remote-caching#self-hosting). Available as [services.turborepo-remote-cache](#opt-services.turborepo-remote-cache.enable).

- [RSSHub](https://github.com/DIYgod/RSSHub), a service to convert many sources into rss. Available as [services.rsshub](#opt-services.rsshub.enable).

- [ReFrame](https://github.com/AlynxZhou/reframe), a DRM/KMS based remote desktop for Linux that supports Wayland/NVIDIA/headless/login. Available as [services.reframe](#opt-services.reframe.enable)

- [Komodo Periphery](https://github.com/moghtech/komodo), a multi-server Docker and Git deployment agent by Komodo. Available as [services.komodo-periphery](#opt-services.komodo-periphery.enable).

- [Shoko](https://shokoanime.com), an anime management system. Available as [services.shoko](#opt-services.shoko.enable).

- [perses](https://perses.dev/), the open dashboard tool for Prometheus and other data sources. Available as [services.perses](#opt-services.perses.enable).

- [Drasl](https://github.com/unmojang/drasl), an alternative authentication server for Minecraft. Available as [services.drasl](#opt-services.drasl.enable).

- [tabbyAPI](https://github.com/theroyallab/tabbyAPI), the official OpenAI compatible API server for Exllama. Available as [services.tabbyapi](#opt-services.tabbyapi.enable).

- [Tdarr](https://tdarr.io), Audio/Video Library Analytics & Transcode/Remux Automation. Available as [services.tdarr](#opt-services.tdarr.enable).

- [Headplane](https://headplane.net), a feature-complete Web UI for Headscale. Available as [services.headplane](#opt-services.headplane.enable).

- [whois](https://packages.qa.debian.org/w/whois.html), an intelligent WHOIS client. Available as [programs.whois](#opt-programs.whois.enable).

- [porxie](https://codeberg.org/Blooym/porxie), a correct and efficient ATProto blob proxy for secure content delivery. Available as [services.porxie](#opt-services.porxie.enable).

- [LogiOps](https://github.com/PixlOne/logiops), an unofficial userspace driver for HID++ Logitech devices. Available as [services.logiops](#opt-services.logiops.enable).

## Backward Incompatibilities {#sec-release-26.05-incompatibilities}

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- [](#opt-services.openssh.settings.AcceptEnv) is now explicitly defined as an option that takes a list of strings, to facilitate option merging. Setting it to a string value is no longer supported.

- The default packages in [](#opt-services.jenkins.packages) have been dropped, since not every Jenkins installation needs any package at all. It's more reasonable to leave it empty and let users configure what they need.

- [services.taskchampion-sync-server](#opt-services.taskchampion-sync-server.enable) module has had an option [](#opt-services.taskchampion-sync-server.dynamicUser) added to use systemd's DynamicUser feature. This is enabled by default when stateVersion is at least 26.05, and disabled otherwise. If you need this feature, you need to set `services.taskchampion-sync-server.dynamicUser` to `true` and migrate `/var/lib/taskchampion-sync-server` to `/var/lib/private/taskchampion-sync-server`.

- The [programs.captive-browser](#opt-programs.captive-browser.enable) module no longer falls back on a setcap wrapper around udhcpc to discover your network's DNS server due to [GHSA-wc3r-c66x-8xmc](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/security/advisories/GHSA-wc3r-c66x-8xmc) (CVE-2026-25740). If you're using this module, you must either configure [](#opt-programs.captive-browser.dhcp-dns) manually or enable one of NetworkManager, dhcpcd, or systemd-networkd.

- The [services.yggdrasil](#opt-services.yggdrasil.enable) module has been refactored with the following breaking changes:
  - The `services.yggdrasil.configFile` option has been removed. Configuration should now be specified directly via [](#opt-services.yggdrasil.settings).
  - The `services.yggdrasil.persistentKeys` option has been removed. To maintain persistent keys and IPv6 addresses across reboots, use [](#opt-services.yggdrasil.settings.PrivateKeyPath) to securely load your private key from a file via systemd credentials. The private key must be in PEM format (PKCS #8).
  - Storing `PrivateKey` directly in `settings` is now explicitly forbidden to prevent keys from being stored world-readable in the Nix store.
  - If you previously used `configFile`, migrate your configuration to the `settings` option and extract the private key to a separate file referenced by `PrivateKeyPath`.
  - If you previously used `persistentKeys`, convert your keys to PEM format and store them in a secure location accessible only to root, then reference them via `PrivateKeyPath`.

- [services.xserver](#opt-services.xserver.enable) will now throw an error if an X11 driver specified in  `videoDriver(s)` cannot be found. Previously, unknown drivers would be silently ignored.

- The [](#opt-services.avahi.wideArea) option now defaults to `false` as a mitigation against [`CVE-2024-52615`/`GHSA-x6vp-f33h-h32g`](https://github.com/avahi/avahi/security/advisories/GHSA-x6vp-f33h-h32g).

- `systemd.coredump.extraConfig` has been removed in favor of the structured [](#opt-systemd.coredump.settings.Coredump) option. Use `systemd.coredump.settings.Coredump` to set any `coredump.conf(5)` option directly. For example, replace `systemd.coredump.extraConfig = "Storage=journal";` with `systemd.coredump.settings.Coredump.Storage = "journal";`.

- `services.home-assistant.config.lovelace.mode` has been renamed to `lovelace.dashboards` and `lovelace.resource_mode` to match the [configuration format](https://www.home-assistant.io/dashboards/dashboards/) required by Home Assistant 2026.8. Users who explicitly set `lovelace.mode` should remove it; the module generates the correct entries automatically.

- `fulcrum` has been updated to 2.x. If run against an existing v1.x database without the `--db-upgrade` flag it refuses to start; the upgrade takes around an hour on Bitcoin mainnet.

- `opentrack`, `slushload`, `synthesia`, `vtfedit`, `winbox`, `wineasio`, and `yabridge` use wineWow64Packages instead of wineWowPackages as wine versions >= 11.0 have deprecated wineWowPackages. As such, the prefixes for these packages are NOT backwards compatible and need to be regenerated with potential for data loss.

- []{#sec-release-26.05-incompatibilities-profiles-hardened-removed} `profiles/hardened` has been removed, because:
   - It lacks a consistent and transparent baseline or standard,
   - It may introduce unexpected breakage or degrade performance without clear benefit,
   - It is difficult to manage user expectations, especially since the implications of enabling it are not always obvious,
   - and as multiple contributors have noted, it is often more of a “grab bag” of settings than a cohesive security policy.
   - See [NixOS Hardening](https://wiki.nixos.org/wiki/NixOS_Hardening) wiki page for hardening options.

- `services.crabfit` was removed because its upstream packages are unmaintained and insecure.

- [services.opensnitch.settings.Rules.Path](#opt-services.opensnitch.settings.Rules.Path) now defaults to `/var/lib/opensnitch/rules` instead of the previous `/etc/opensnitchd/rules` because it contains mutable data.

- [services.mosquitto](#opt-services.mosquitto.enable) now generates per-listener authentication and access control via the upstream `password-file` and `acl-file` plugins instead of the deprecated `password_file` and `acl_file` options. The plugins contain the same code, so behaviour is unchanged, but [](#opt-services.mosquitto.package) must now be at least version 2.1.

- `sing-box` has been updated to 1.13.0, which has removed some deprecated options.  See [upstream documentation](https://sing-box.sagernet.org/configuration/) for details and migration options.

- `services.statsd` has been removed because the packages it relies on do not exist anymore in nixpkgs.

- `services.pyload` has been removed because the package it relies on does not exist anymore in nixpkgs due to vulnerabilities and being unmaintained.

- Removed the ability from systemd to start units installed via `nix-env -i`.
  This feature is hardly used and most units do not work without NixOS specific
  changes anyways. Removing this allows us to drop a custom systemd patch
  improving systemd maintainability and update speed.

- Removed the ability from systemd to depend on open-yet-unformatted dm-crypt
  devices as systemd device units. For example you cannot call systemd-makefs
  on such devices. This was never implemented upstream but patched into
  Nixpkgs's systemd. Removing this allows us to drop a custom systemd patch
  improving systemd maintainability and update speed.

- `linux_hardened` kernel has been removed due to a lack of maintenance.

- [services.tandoor-recipes](#opt-services.tandoor-recipes.enable) now uses a sub-directory for media files by default starting with `26.05`. Existing setups should move media files out of the data directory and adjust `services.tandoor-recipes.extraConfig.MEDIA_ROOT` accordingly. See [Migrating media files for pre 26.05 installations](#module-services-tandoor-recipes-migrating-media).

- `linux-rt` kernel has been removed due to a lack of maintenance.

- `rustic` was upgraded to `0.11.x`, which contains breaking [changes to command-line parameters and configuration file](https://rustic.cli.rs/docs/breaking_changes.html#0110).

- The packages `iw` and `wirelesstools` (`iwconfig`, `iwlist`, etc.) are no longer installed implicitly if wireless networking has been enabled.

- The `fileSystems.<name>.fsType` option no longer has a default value and must be specified by the user. The value `"auto"` still works as before, though its use is generally discouraged.

- `services.uptime` has been removed because the package it relies on does not exist anymore in nixpkgs.

- [services.mattermost](#opt-services.mattermost.enable) now defaults to version 11, which has dropped support for MySQL in favor of Postgres. As a result, all support for MySQL has been removed from the module.
  See the [migration steps](https://docs.mattermost.com/deployment-guide/manual-postgres-migration.html) if you were not running Postgres.
  Note that version 11 also restricts the user limit to 250 [by default](https://forum.mattermost.com/t/clarification-request-on-user-limits-max-250-user-server-v-11/25309);
  see the `pkgs.mattermost` removeUserLimit and removeFreeBadge options combined with [](#opt-services.mattermost.package) to change this behavior. For example:

```nix
{
  services.mattermost.package = pkgs.mattermost.override {
    removeUserLimit = true;
    removeFreeBadge = true;
  };
}
```

- `post-resume.target` has been removed. See {manpage}`systemd.special(7)` about `sleep.target` for instructions on ordering a process after resume with `ExecStop=`.

- [services.vsftpd](#opt-services.vsftpd.enable) no longer automatically configures a PAM module.  This means configurations using [](#opt-services.vsftpd.localUsers) will no longer work unless [](#opt-services.vsftpd.enableVirtualUsers) and [](#opt-services.vsftpd.userDbPath) are also configured.  The old behaviour can be restored by setting `security.pam.services.vsftpd.enable = true`, although this only ever worked by accident and may not be secure.

- `services.kubernetes.addons.dns.coredns` has been renamed to [](#opt-services.kubernetes.addons.dns.corednsImage) and now expects a
package instead of attrs. Now, by default, nixpkgs.coredns in conjunction with `dockerTools.buildImage` is used, instead
of pulling the upstream container image from Docker Hub. If you want the old behavior, you can set:

```nix
{
  services.kubernetes.addons.dns.corednsImage = pkgs.dockerTools.pullImage {
    imageName = "coredns/coredns";
    imageDigest = "sha256:af8c8d35a5d184b386c4a6d1a012c8b218d40d1376474c7d071bb6c07201f47d";
    finalImageTag = "v1.12.2";
    hash = "sha256-ZgXEyxVrdskQdgg0ONJ9sboAXEEHTgNsiptk5O945c0=";
  };
}
```

- `services.stalwart-mail` has been renamed to [`services.stalwart`](#opt-services.stalwart.enable) to align with upstream re-brand as an e-mail and collaboration server. Other notable breaking changes to module:

  - Addition of module-specific `stateVersion` option, which on existing installations of Stalwart must be set to the same as `system.stateVersion`.

    This enables manually and carefully migrating Stalwart to a new `stateVersion` or newly enabling the Stalwart module with a newer `stateVersion` than `system.stateVersion`.

  - `systemd.services.stalwart` owned by `stalwart:stalwart`. The `user` and `group` are configurable via `services.stalwart.user` and `services.stalwart.group`, respectively. By default, if `stateVersion` is older than `26.05`, will fallback to legacy value of `stalwart-mail` for both `user` and `group`.
  - Default value for `services.stalwart.dataDir` has changed to `/var/lib/stalwart`. If `stateVersion` is older than `26.05`, will fallback to legacy value of `/var/lib/stalwart-mail`.
  - Default tracer name and type have changed to `journal`. If `stateVersion` is older than `26.05`, will fallback to legacy value of `stdout`.

- `services.eintopf` has been renamed to [services.lauti](#opt-services.lauti.enable) to align with upstream re-brand as a community online calendar.

- `services.oauth2-proxy.clientSecret` and `services.oauth2-proxy.cookie.secret` have been replaced with [](#opt-services.oauth2-proxy.clientSecretFile) and [](#opt-services.oauth2-proxy.cookie.secretFile) respectively. This was done to ensure secrets don't get made world-readable.

- [`services.grafana.settings.security.secret_key`](#opt-services.grafana.settings.security.secret_key) doesn't have a
  default value anymore. Please generate your own key or hard-code the old one ("SW2YcwTIb9zpOOhoPsMm") explicitly.
  See the [upstream docs](https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/setup-grafana/configure-grafana/#secret_key) and
  the [instructions on how to rotate](https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/setup-grafana/configure-security/configure-database-encryption/#re-encrypt-secrets)
  for further information.

  Please do note that there's no official way to rotate. On a single-node instance with the database and the secret-key being
  on the same filesystem with the same permissions for Grafana only to read, it is most likely OK to keep using the old key.

  If you need to rotate, a [3rd-party tool, `grafana-secretkey-rotation-tool`](https://github.com/erooke/grafana-secretkey-rotation-tool/tree/d9dc788902fa5185e15cb15ce6129f7237ab6138) is a tested option.
  When using a secret for this value, make sure to use [Grafana's variable expansion to inject secrets](https://grafana.com/docs/grafana/latest/setup-grafana/configure-grafana/#variable-expansion).

- `services.promtail` has been removed, as `promtail` reached its end of life.
  Consider migrating to [](#opt-services.alloy.enable), or, if you are looking for something light-weight, [](#opt-services.fluent-bit.enable).
  See <https://grafana.com/docs/alloy/latest/set-up/migrate/> or <https://docs.fluentbit.io/manual/data-pipeline/outputs/loki>.

- Ethercalc and its associated module have been removed, as the package is unmaintained and cannot be installed from source with npm now.

- [services.immich](#opt-services.immich.enable) no longer supports pgvecto.rs since the package has been removed from nixpkgs.
  As a result, options `services.immich.database.enableVectors` and `services.immich.database.enableVectorchord` have been removed, and VectorChord is now always used.
  If you have not completed the migration yet, ensure you completely remove the extension from your database before upgrading by following the [migration guide](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/blob/nixos-25.11/nixos/modules/services/web-apps/immich.md#migrating-from-pgvecto-rs-to-vectorchord-pre-2511-installations-module-services-immich-vectorchord-migration).

- [](#opt-services.cgit) before always had the git-http-backend and its "export all" setting enabled, which sidestepped any access control configured in cgit's settings. Now you have to make a decision and either enable or disable `opt-services.cgit.<name>.gitHttpBackend.checkExportOkFiles` (or disable the git-http-backend).

- `rocmPackages_6` has been removed. `rocmPackages` has been updated to ROCm 7.x. Out of tree packages may rely on obsolete hipblas APIs or compile time constant warp size and need to be updated.

- `mysql80` has been removed. Please update to `mysql84` or `mariadb`. See the [upgrade guide](https://mariadb.com/kb/en/upgrading-from-mysql-to-mariadb/) for more information.

- `services.prometheus.exporters.rspamd` has been removed. It relied on the Rspamd /stat endpoint via the JSON exporter. You can use the Rspamd [/metrics](https://docs.rspamd.com/developers/protocol#controller-http-endpoints) endpoint directly instead.

- The Bash implementation of the `nixos-rebuild` program is removed. All switchable systems now use the Python rewrite. Any prior usage of `system.rebuild.enableNg` must now be removed. If you have any outstanding issues with the new implementation, please open an issue on GitHub.

- [services.desktopManager.gnome](#opt-services.desktopManager.gnome.enable) no longer installs the Geary e-mail client since it is not part of the GNOME [core applications](https://apps.gnome.org/) list. Geary's position in the default favorite apps section has been replaced by GNOME Text Editor. To keep it installed, add `programs.geary.enable = true;` to your configuration.

- `walker` has been updated to 2.0.0+, which is a complete rewrite in rust.

  It now requires a running `elephant` application launcher backend service, which can be enabled using the new `services.elephant.enable`.

  The way keybinds and actions are handled have been completely revamped. Please refer to the [default config](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/abenz1267/walker/refs/heads/master/resources/config.toml).

- [services.portunus](#opt-services.portunus.enable) has been upgraded to 2.2.0, which includes a bug fix that may cause existing databases to be rejected if user accounts are configured with malformed email addresses. Please refer to [the upstream release announcement](https://github.com/majewsky/portunus/releases/tag/v2.2.0) for details and instructions on how to fix problematic database entries.

- Support for `reiserfs` in nixpkgs has been removed, following the removal in Linux 6.13.

- [services.tor](#opt-services.tor.enable) no longer bind mounts Unix sockets of onion services into its chroot
because it was not reliable. Users should do it themselves using either `JoinsNamespaceOf=` and Unix sockets in `/tmp`
or `BindPaths=` from a persistent parent directory of each Unix socket.
See <https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/481673>.

- support for `ecryptfs` in nixpkgs has been removed.

- `services.xserver.cmt` has been removed as the `xf86-input-cmt` package was broken and unmaintained upstream.

- `programs.light` was removed from nixpkgs due to the corresponding package being unmaintained upstream. `brightnessctl` and [hardware.acpilight](#opt-hardware.acpilight.enable) offer replacements.

- `ceph` has been upgraded to v20. See the [Ceph "tentacle" release notes](https://docs.ceph.com/en/latest/releases/tentacle/#v20-2-0-tentacle) for details and recommended upgrade procedure.
  Note that **upgrades of server-side components are one-way**, and downgrading e.g. an OSD from *Tentacle* to *Squid* is not just not supported but is known to break.

- [](#opt-services.unifi.jrePackage) now defaults to `jdk25_headless` instead of `jdk17_headless`, in order to be compatible with new versions of `unifi`.

- The [networking.wireless](#opt-networking.wireless.enable) module has been security hardened by default: the `wpa_supplicant` daemon now runs under an unprivileged user with restricted access to the system.

  As part of these changes, `/etc/wpa_supplicant.conf` has been deprecated: the NixOS-generated configuration file is now linked to `/etc/wpa_supplicant/nixos.conf` and `/etc/wpa_supplicant/imperative.conf` has been added for imperatively configuring `wpa_supplicant` or when using [allowAuxiliaryImperativeNetworks](#opt-networking.wireless.allowAuxiliaryImperativeNetworks).

  If client certificates, keys or other files are needed, these should be stored under `/etc/wpa_supplicant` and owned by `wpa_supplicant` to ensure the daemon can read them.

  Also, the {option}`networking.wireless.userControlled.group` option has been removed since there is now a dedicated `wpa_supplicant` group to control the daemon, and {option}`networking.wireless.userControlled.enable` has been renamed to [](#opt-networking.wireless.userControlled).

  No functionality should have been impacted by these changes (including controlling via `wpa_cli`, integration with NetworkManager or connman), but if you find any problems, please open an issue on GitHub.
  If necessary, the security hardening can be reverted with [](#opt-networking.wireless.enableHardening).

  Note for NetworkManager users: before these changes NetworkManager used to spawn its own wpa_supplicant daemon, but now it relies on `networking.wireless`. So, if you had `networking.wireless.enable = false` in your configuration, you should remove that line.

- Some implementation details of the NixOS network-interfaces module have been changed:

  - In the "scripted" backend, `network-setup.service` has been removed and the network configuration services are now part of `network.target`, which is now directly pulled into `multi-user.target`.
  - Interface addresses, routes and default gateways are now configured asynchronously as soon as the underlying network devices become available (fixes issue [#154737](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/154737)).
  - In both "networkd" and "scripted" backends, the configuration of name servers is now part of `network-local-commands.service` (fixes issue [#445496](https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues/445496)).
  - The issue that resulted in a completely unconfigured network if both `resolvconf` was disabled and no default gateway configured, has also been fixed.

- In the PowerDNS Recursor module, following the deprecation period started with NixOS 25.05, the option {option}`services.pdns-recursor.old-settings` has been removed and {option}`services.pdns-recursor.yaml-settings` consequently renamed to [](#opt-services.pdns-recursor.settings).

- [services.angrr](#opt-services.angrr.enable) now uses TOML for configuration. Define policies with [](#opt-services.angrr.settings) (generate TOML file) or point to a file using [](#opt-services.angrr.configFile). The legacy options `services.angrr.period`, `services.angrr.ownedOnly`, and `services.angrr.removeRoot` have been removed. See `man 5 angrr` and the description of [](#opt-services.angrr.settings) options for examples and details.

- `services.homepage-dashboard.environmentFile` has been renamed to [](#opt-services.homepage-dashboard.environmentFiles), and now expects a list of strings.

- `services.pingvin-share` has been removed as the `pingvin-share.backend` package was broken and the project was archived upstream.

- `services.jellyseerr` has been renamed to [services.seerr](#opt-services.seerr.enable) following the upstream changes. Notable breaking changes:
  - systemd service name changed accordingly.
  - Default config directory moved from `/var/lib/jellyseerr/config` to `/var/lib/seerr/`.
    - If `stateVersion` is older than `26.05`, the module fall backs to the legacy path value.

- [services.vikunja](#opt-services.vikunja.enable) has been updated to Vikunja [v1.0.0](https://vikunja.io/changelog/whats-new-in-vikunja-1.0.0/), which introduces multiple breaking changes.
  Notable breaking changes:
  - CORS is enabled by default. The module now sets
    `services.vikunja.settings.service.publicurl` by default. Custom overrides must ensure it is
    set or disable CORS, otherwise Vikunja will fail to start.
  - API route and response changes may affect integrations.
  - Configuration format and option changes require review of existing settings (including OpenID
    provider configuration and metrics/log settings).
  - SQLite paths are now relative to `service.rootpath` unless absolute. Startup now validates file
    storage and OAuth providers.

- `services.xtreemfs` has been removed as the `xtreemfs` package was broken and unmaintained upstream.

- `opengfw` package and `services.opengfw` module have been removed as the upstream GitHub repository and website have been shut down.

- [services.esphome](#opt-services.esphome.enable) no longer uses `DynamicUser`. The service now runs as a static `esphome` system user. systemd handles the migration from `/var/lib/private/esphome` automatically, but users with [impermanence](https://github.com/nix-community/impermanence) setups should ensure `/var/lib/esphome` is persisted.

- `programs.pqos-wrapper` module has been deleted as the corresponding package has been dropped from nixpkgs.

- `programs.benchexec.enable = true` no longer sets `programs.pqos-wrapper.enable = true` as the corresponding module has been deleted.

## Other Notable Changes {#sec-release-26.05-notable-changes}

<!-- To avoid merge conflicts, consider adding your item at an arbitrary place in the list instead. -->

- Reloading or restarting systemd units from the NixOS activation script is deprecated, and will be removed in NixOS 26.11. This deprecation is part of a bigger effort to deprecate activation scripts altogether, which will take place over several releases. There are no in-tree usages of the now-deprecated reload/restart functionality.

- Switch inhibitors were introduced, which add a pre-switch check that compares a list of strings between the previous and the new generation, and refuses to switch into the new generation when there is a difference between the two lists. This allows avoiding switching into a system when for instance the systemd version changed by adding `config.systemd.package.version` to the switch inhibitors for your system. You can still forcefully switch into any generation by setting `NIXOS_NO_CHECK=1`.

- `switch-to-configuration` now reloads a service instead of restarting it when the only change to its unit is `ExecReload=`, and takes no action when `ExecReload=` is removed. Previously both cases triggered a restart.

- [`hardware.nvidia.branch`](#opt-hardware.nvidia.branch) was added to select the NVIDIA driver branch; setting [`hardware.nvidia.package`](#opt-hardware.nvidia.package) overrides this.

- The NixOS NVIDIA module wiring has been updated to match the new `nvidia-x11` output layout.

- `nixos/nvidia` now uses EGL external platform ICD libraries built from source (`egl-gbm`, `egl-wayland`, `egl-wayland2`, `egl-x11`) instead of relying on vendor-provided binaries for these components.

- [](#opt-hardware.nvidia.moduleParams) was added to configure NVIDIA kernel module parameters declaratively. These parameters are now written to `modprobe` configuration instead of being passed through global kernel command-line parameters.

- [hardware.xpadneo](#opt-hardware.xpadneo.enable) now supports configuring kernel module parameters via a freeform [settings](#opt-hardware.xpadneo.settings) option, with convenience options for [rumble attenuation](#opt-hardware.xpadneo.rumbleAttenuation) and [controller quirks](#opt-hardware.xpadneo.quirks).

- `security.acme` now defaults to a dynamic renewal duration, if
  [security.acme.defaults.validMinDays](#opt-security.acme.defaults.validMinDays)
  remains unset. This accommodates certificates with different ACME profile:
    - For certificates with a total validity at or above 10 days renewal will happen
      after two thirds of the lifetime has passed (e.g. a certificate valid for 90
      days renews once the validity falls below 30 days)
    - For shortlived certificates with a total validity below 10 days renewal
      will happen after half of the total lifetime has passed

- The module for the Dovecot IMAP server, [services.dovecot2](#opt-services.dovecot2.enable), now uses RFC-42-style settings, exposing a structured interface to write the configuration file.

  Also see the list of available settings for [Dovecot 2.3](https://doc.dovecot.org/2.3/settings/core/) or [2.4](https://doc.dovecot.org/2.4.2/core/summaries/settings.html).

- [](#opt-fonts.fontconfig.useEmbeddedBitmaps) is now set to `true` by default.

- [services.frp](#opt-services.frp.instances) now supports multiple instances through [](#opt-services.frp.instances) to make it possible to run multiple frp clients or servers at the same time.

- [services.resolved](#opt-services.resolved.enable) module was converted to RFC42-style settings. The moved options have also been renamed to match the upstream names. Aliases mean current configs will continue to function, but users should move to the new options as convenient.

- `systemd.sleep.extraConfig` was replaced by [RFC 0042](https://github.com/NixOS/rfcs/blob/master/rfcs/0042-config-option.md)-compliant [](#opt-systemd.sleep.settings.Sleep), which is used to generate the `sleep.conf` configuration file. See {manpage}`sleep.conf.d(5)` for available options.

- Support for Bluetooth audio based on `bluez-alsa` has been added to the [hardware.alsa](#opt-hardware.alsa.enable) module. It can be enabled with the new [enableBluetooth](#opt-hardware.alsa.enableBluetooth) option.

- [services.atuin](#opt-services.atuin.enable) now has an `environmentFile` option to safely allow configuring secrets, such as an `ATUIN_DB_URI` containing a Postgres password.

- `systemd.network.*` has been updated to support all configuration options from upstream `networkd` version 259.

- [](#opt-networking.resolvconf.enable) now defaults to `true` unconditionally instead of `!(config.environment.etc ? "resolv.conf")`. If you set `environment.etc."resolv.conf"` yourself, then you should also set `networking.resolvconf.enable = false`.

- The [services.drupal](#opt-services.drupal.enable) module has a few improvements aimed at making it better for installing custom Drupal instances, namely a new `webRoot` option for identifying custom webroots in source code, a new `configRoot` option for identifying and synchronizing config yamls onto NixOS, and some new settings for managing variable content and filepaths.

- [services.openssh](#opt-services.openssh.enable) now supports generating host SSH keys by setting `services.openssh.generateHostKeys = true` while leaving [](#opt-services.openssh.enable) disabled.  This is particularly useful for systems that have no need of an SSH daemon but want SSH host keys for other purposes such as using agenix or sops-nix.

- [](#opt-services.openssh.enableRecommendedAlgorithms) has been added to allow users to opt out of NixOS's curated set of recommended algorithms. This set to true by default, and thus is not a breaking change. Users may want to set this to false if they prefer upstream's default algorithms. See <https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/pull/471330>.

- `services.openssh.banner` has been removed. Use [](#opt-services.openssh.settings.Banner) instead.

- IPVLAN interfaces can now be configured through the [](#opt-networking.ipvlans) option in the networking module.

- [services.caddy](#opt-services.caddy.enable) now supports setting [](#opt-services.caddy.httpPort) and [](#opt-services.caddy.httpsPort) and opening them in the firewall via [](#opt-services.caddy.openFirewall).

- The latest available version of Nextcloud is v33 (available as `pkgs.nextcloud33`). The installation logic is as follows:
  - If [`services.nextcloud.package`](#opt-services.nextcloud.package) is specified explicitly, this package will be installed (**recommended**)
  - If [`system.stateVersion`](#opt-system.stateVersion) is >=26.05, `pkgs.nextcloud33` will be installed by default.
  - If [`system.stateVersion`](#opt-system.stateVersion) is >=25.11, `pkgs.nextcloud32` will be installed by default.
  - `nextcloud31` is EOL and was thus removed.
  - Please note that an upgrade from v31 (or older) to v33 directly is not possible. Please upgrade to `nextcloud32` (or earlier) first. Nextcloud prohibits skipping major versions while upgrading. You can upgrade by declaring [`services.nextcloud.package = pkgs.nextcloud32;`](#opt-services.nextcloud.package).

- InvoicePlane with the Caddy webserver (`services.invoiceplane.webserver = "caddy"`) now sets up sites with Caddy's automatic HTTPS instead of HTTP-only.
  To keep the old behavior for a site `example.com`, set `services.caddy.virtualHosts."example.com".hostName = "http://example.com"`.
  If you set custom Caddy options for a InvoicePlane site, migrate these options by removing `http://` from `services.caddy.virtualHosts."http://example.com"`.

- `services.slurm` now supports slurmrestd usage through the [](#opt-services.slurm.rest.enable) NixOS options.

- The [](#opt-networking.firewall.logRefusedConnections) option now defaults to
  `false`.  Logging of refused or dropped incoming connections can generate a
  very high volume of kernel log messages on internet-facing systems, causing
  the kernel ring buffer (dmesg) to rotate quickly and potentially discard more
  relevant diagnostic information.

- The [services.calibre-web](#opt-services.calibre-web.enable) systemd service has been hardened with additional sandboxing restrictions.

- `services.kanidm` options for server, client and unix were moved under dedicated namespaces.
  For each component `enableComponent` and `componentSettings` are now `component.enable` and
  `component.settings`. The unix module now supports using SSH keys from Kanidm via
  `services.kanidm.unix.sshIntegration = true`.

- [services.radicle](#opt-services.radicle.enable) now supports importing the private key and passphrase as systemd creds.
